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Living Modified Organism (LMO)
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Decisions on the LMO Risk Assessments  
last updated: 10 Jul 2026
Living Modified Organism identity
The image below identifies the LMO through its unique identifier, trade name and a link to this page of the BCH. Click on it to download a larger image on your computer. For help on how to use it go to the LMO quick-links page.
Herbicide-tolerant soybean with increased monounsaturated fatty acid
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305423 × DAS-44406-6
Yes
DP-3Ø5423-1 × DAS-444Ø6-6
The soybean (Glycine max) was produced through cross‑breeding of modified parental varieties DP-3Ø5423-1 and DAS-444Ø6-6.
Soybean DP-3Ø5423-1 was modified for increased levels of monounsaturated fatty acid (oleic) and decreased levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic). The LM soybean was also modified for tolerance to sulfonylurea herbicides in order to be used as a marker selection for transformants. To achieve this trait, the soybean expresses the modified Glycine max microsomal omega-6 desaturase gene (fad2-1) where the fragment of the fad2-1 gene does not code for a protein and silences the expression of the endogenous soybean omega-6 desaturase, resulting in accumulated monounsaturated fats. For the selectable marker, to achieve tolerance to sulfonylurea, the soybean expresses the modified acetolactate synthase (als) gene from Glycine max (hra) which is a variant of the acetolactate synthase enzyme derived from Glycine max (also known as acetohydroxy acid synthase). Acetohydroxy acid synthase (also known as acetolactate synthase)  is a key enzyme that catalyzes the first common step in the biosynthesis of the essential branched-chain amino acids isoleucine, leucine, and valine. This protein contains two mutations in its amino acid sequence that reduce binding affinity to ALS-inhibiting herbicides and thus are responsible for GM-HRA resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides (e.g., sulfonylureas and triazolopyrimidines).
Soybean DAS-444Ø6-6 was modified for glyphosate, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and glufosinate herbicide tolerance. To achieve glyphosate tolerance, the soybean expresses modified Zea mays enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase, which has reduced binding affinity for glyphosate and allows continued synthesis of aromatic amino acids through the shikimate pathway in the presence of the herbicide. To achieve tolerance to aryloxyalkanoate herbicides, including 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, the soybean expresses aryloxyalkanoate dioxygenase (AAD-12), which degrades these herbicides into non-herbicidal compounds. To achieve tolerance to glufosinate, the soybean expresses the gene from Streptomyces viridochromogenes encoding phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase encoding gene, which inactivates the active compound L-phosphinothricin through acetylation of the primary amino group.
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The term “Recipient organism” refers to an organism (either already modified or non-modified) that was subjected to genetic modification, whereas “Parental organisms” refers to those that were involved in cross breeding or cell fusion.
  • BCH-LMO-SCBD-49073-10 Living Modified Organism DP-3Ø5423-1 - TREUS™, Plenish™ Soybean
    Pioneer Hi-Bred Production Inc. | Changes in quality and/or metabolite content (Lipid and fatty acids), Resistance to herbicides (Sulfonylurea)
  • BCH-ORGA-SCBD-10453-8 Organism Glycine max (Soybean, Soya bean, Soya / soja /соя, SOYBN)
    Crops
  • BCH-LMO-SCBD-105041-4 Living Modified Organism DAS-444Ø6-6 - Enlist E3™ Soybean
    Dow AgroSciences | Resistance to 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, Resistance to herbicides (Glufosinate, Glyphosate)
Secondary somatic embryos derived from explants of immature soybean seeds of the soybean ‘Jack' variety (for event DP-305423-1)
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Characteristics of the modification process
pDAB8264; PHP19340 and PHP17752
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  • Cross breeding
Some of these genetic elements may be present as fragments or truncated forms. Please see notes below, where applicable.
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-104802-5 Polyubiquitin10 gene promoter | Arabidopsis thaliana (Thale cress, Mouse-ear cress, Arabidopsis, ARATH)
    Promoter
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-104805-2 Aryloxyalkanoate dioxygenase gene | Delftia acidovorans (DELAC)
    Protein coding sequence | Resistance to herbicides
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-104806-3 ORF23 3' Untranslated region | Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Agrobacterium)
    Terminator
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-101900-6 CsVMV promoter | Cassava vein mosaic virus (Cassava vein mosaic virus, CVMV, CsVMV)
    Promoter
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-15002-5 Phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase | Streptomyces viridochromogenes (STRVR)
    Protein coding sequence | Resistance to herbicides (Glufosinate)
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-104807-2 ORF1 3' Untranslated region | Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Agrobacterium)
    Terminator
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-104795-4 RB7 matrix attachment region | Nicotiana tabacum (Tobacco, TOBAC )
    Enhancer
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-104646-4 Histone H4 gene 3' UTR | Arabidopsis thaliana (Thale cress, Mouse-ear cress, Arabidopsis, ARATH)
    Terminator
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-46333-8 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase | Zea mays (Maize, Corn, MAIZE)
    Protein coding sequence | Resistance to herbicides (Glyphosate)
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-101419-5 Optimized chloroplast transit peptide | Zea mays (Maize, Corn, MAIZE) | Helianthus annuus (Sunflower, HELAN)
    Transit signal
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-104647-3 Histone H4 gene Promoter | Arabidopsis thaliana (Thale cress, Mouse-ear cress, Arabidopsis, ARATH)
    Promoter
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-104648-2 Histone H3 Gene II intron 1 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Thale cress, Mouse-ear cress, Arabidopsis, ARATH)
    Intron
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-103893-1 Kunitz trypsin inhibitor gene promoter | Glycine max (Soybean, Soya bean, Soya, SOYBN)
    Promoter
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-115046-3 omega-6-desaturase | Glycine max (Soybean, Soya bean, Soya, SOYBN)
    Protein coding sequence | Changes in quality and/or metabolite content (Lipid and fatty acids)
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-103894-1 Kunitz trypsin inhibitor gene terminator | Glycine max (Soybean, Soya bean, Soya, SOYBN)
    Terminator
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-103895-3 SAMS Promoter | Glycine max (Soybean, Soya bean, Soya / soja /соя, SOYBN)
    Promoter
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-103896-5 Acetohydroxy acid Synthase gene Terminator | Glycine max (Soybean, Soya bean, Soya, SOYBN)
    Terminator
  • BCH-GENE-SCBD-100268-6 Acetohydroxy acid synthase gene | Glycine max (Soybean, Soya bean, Soya, SOYBN)
    Protein coding sequence | Resistance to herbicides (Sulfonylurea)
DNA insert from DP-3Ø5423-1 (vectors PHP19340 and PHP17752)
The DNA insert from DP-3Ø5423-1 comprised of two cassettes expressing a portion of the Glycine max omega-6-desaturase encoded by the fad2-1 gene fragment and a modified acetohydroxy acid synthase (als) encoded by the hra gene for sulfonylurea selection marker.
(1) The fragment of the gm-fad2-1 gene is under the control of the Glycine max Kunitz trypsin inhibitor gene (KTi3) promoter and the 3' untranslated region of the KTi3 gene (KTi3 terminator). Transcription of the gene fragment under the control of a seed-preferred KTi3 promoter acts to silence the expression of the endogenous soybean omega-6 desaturase.
(2) For the selection cassette, the hra gene is under the control of the G. max the S-adenosyl-L-methionine synthetase (SAMS) constitutive promoter and the als gene terminator.
Note
  • Microprojectile bombardment was used to co-transform secondary plant cell embryos with two purified linear DNA fragments: a 2924 base pair fragment (PHP19340A fragment) containing the gm-fad2-1 cassette, and the 4512 base pair fragment (PHP17752A fragment) containing the gm-hra cassette. 
  • The gm-fad2-1 gene fragment corresponds to approximately 40% of the middle portion of the fad2-1 gene (597 bp).
  • The gm-hra gene  is an optimized form of the endogenous als gene from soybean (1971 bp). The gm-hra gene has been modified by site directed mutagenesis (P183A and W560L) from the native soybean als gene and encodes a version of the enzyme that is tolerant to als inhibitors such as sulfonylurea herbicide. It also contains 15 additional nucleotides from the native als gene 5'UTR.
  • Southern blot and PCR analyses confirmed that the inserted DNA consists of four insertions that comprise:
    • Insertion 1: one truncated PHP19340A fragment with a truncated KTi3 terminator and intact gm-fad2-1 gene fragment and intact KTi3 promoter, one intact PHP19340A fragment, one intact PHP17752A fragment, one truncated PHP19340A fragment with an intact KTi3 promoter and a truncated gm-fad2-1 gene fragment, and one truncated PHP19340A fragment with a truncated KTi3 promoter and truncated gm-fad2-1 gene fragment.
    • Insertion 2: one truncated PHP19340A fragment with a truncated KTi3 promoter and with intact gm-fad2-1 gene fragment and intact KTi3 terminator.
    • Insertion 3: one truncated copy of the KTi3 promoter with a nonfunctional 495 bp fragment of the plasmid backbone; and
    • Insertion 4: two truncated PHP19340A fragments in an inverted repeat configuration, both with a truncated KTi3 promoter and intact gmfad2-1 gene fragment and KTi3 terminator.
  • The gm-fad2-1 cassette components present in the genome include: (1) 8 copies of the KTi3 promoter; (2) 7 copies of the gm-fad2-1 gene fragment; and (3) 5 copies of the KTi3 terminator.
  • The flanking genomic sequences and all insert DNA junctions were sequenced and analyzed for potential open reading frames (ORFs), and no novel proteins were predicted to be produced from any of the DNA junction sequences.
  • Southern blot analysis across three generations of self- and cross-pollinated plants demonstrated that the inserted DNA is stable across generations.
  • Only one recombination event was detected among approximately 1100 segregating individuals, indicating a very low frequency of rearrangement. PCR analysis confirmed that no additional recombinant individuals were present.

DNA insert from DAS-444Ø6-6 (vectors pDAB8264)
The transforming plasmid pDAB8264 contained a transfer DNA region comprising three gene cassettes expressing the proteins 2mEPSPS (modified 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene) derived from Zea mays, aryloxyalkanoate dioxygenase (AAD-12) from Delftia acidovorans, and phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase (PAT) from Streptomyces viridochromogenes
(1) Transcription of the 2mepsps coding sequence is directed by H4 histone (H4A748) promoter together with the 5′ untranslated region and an intron from the histone 3 gene from Arabidopsis thaliana. The coding region includes an optimized chloroplast transit peptide derived from Zea mays and Helianthus annuus RuBisCO sequences to direct the expressed protein to the chloroplast. Transcription is terminated by the 3′ untranslated region of the H4A748 gene from Arabidopsis thaliana. A matrix attachment region from the Nicotiana tabacum rb7 gene is also present to increase gene expression. Expression of this cassette results in production of the 2mEPSPS protein containing two amino acid substitutions that confer reduced sensitivity to glyphosate, thereby allowing continued synthesis of aromatic amino acids through the shikimate pathway in the presence of the herbicide.
(2) Transcription of the aad-12 coding sequence is directed by the promoter together with the 5′ untranslated region and intron from the polyubiquitin 10 gene from Arabidopsis thaliana. Transcription is terminated by the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of open reading frame 23 (ORF23) of plasmid pTi15955 from Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Expression of this cassette results in production of the AAD-12 protein, an alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase that metabolically inactivates herbicides of the aryloxyalkanoate family, including 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D).
(3) Transcription of the pat coding sequence is directed by the promoter together with the 5′ untranslated region from the Cassava Vein Mosaic virus. Transcription is terminated by the 3' UTR of the ORF1 of plasmid pTi15955 from Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Expression of this cassette results in production of the PAT protein, a phosphinothricin acetyltransferase that inactivates glufosinate through acetylation.
Note
  • Molecular characterization by Southern blot analysis indicated that a single, intact copy of the intended T-DNA insertion containing the aad-12, 2mepsps and pat expression cassettes was integrated into the soybean genome.
  • Southern blot analysis confirmed the absence of integrated plasmid backbone DNA.
  • The integrity of the inserted DNA was demonstrated over five breeding generations. Segregation analyses confirmed the expected Mendelian inheritance pattern, indicating stable inheritance during conventional breeding.
  • No evidence of rearrangement or instability of the inserted genetic material was reported.

For additional information on this LMO, please refer to the records of the parental LMOs.
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LMO characteristics
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  • Feed
  • Food
Detection method(s)
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Additional Information
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